EXPLANATION TEXT PART 1,2,3



1. Definition of explanation text 

    An explanation text is a piece of non-fiction writing explaining an action process or event in a detailed but simple way. It features numbered points, time connectives, pictures, diagrams, labels, and captions to help the receiver understand the process of what’s being delivered.


2. Generic Structure of Explanation Text

– General statement             = stating the phenomenon issues which are to be explained.
– Sequenced of explanation = stating a series of steps that explain the phenomena.


3. Purpose of Explanation Text

– Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific, and cultural phenomena.
– To explain how or why something happens.

According to Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson (1997: 82) says that the explanation text type is often used to tell how and why things (phenomena) occur in nature.


4. Language Features of Explanation Text

In an explanation text, there are linguistic features as below :
– Using simple present tense
– Using abstract nouns (no visible noun)
– Using Passive voice
– Using Action verbs

– Containing explanation of the process.


5. Examples of Explanation Text

How does Rain Happen?

Rain is the primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world, providing suitable conditions for diverse ecosystems, as well as water for hydroelectric power plants and crop irrigation.

The phenomenon of rain is actually a water circle. The concept of the water cycle involves the sun heating the Earth’s surface water and causing the surface water to evaporate. The water vapor rises into the Earth’s atmosphere. The water in the atmosphere cools and condenses into liquid droplets. The droplets grow until they are heavy and fall to the earth as precipitation which can be in the form of rain or snow.

However, not all rain reaches the surface. Some evaporates while falling through dry air. This is called virga, a phenomenon which is often seen in hot, dry desert regions.


6. Exercises of Explanation Text

Soal Explanation Text

Text Explanation 1

    What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is a food-making process that occurs is green plants. It is the chief function of leaves. The word Photosynthesis means putting together with light. Green plants use energy from light to combine carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and other chemical compounds. 

    How is the light used in photosynthesis? The light used in phototsynthesis is absorbed by  a green pigment called chlorophyll. Each food-making cell in a plant leaf contains shlorophyll in small bodies called chloroplasts. In chloroplasts, light energy causes water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.

    What are the steos of photosynthesis process? , Let me tell you the process of phototsynthesis, in a series of complicated steps, the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air, forming a simple sugar. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process. From sugar together with nitrogen, sulphur, and phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein, vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for life. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is neede to produced these compounds. 

1. What step after the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air …

   A.   Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.
   B.   Water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.
   C.   Food-making process that occurs in green plants.
   D.   Phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat,protein, vitamins, and other complex compounds          essential for life.
   E.   Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process.

 

Answer : E. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process.

 

2. What are photosynthesis need …
   A.   Water, light, oxygen, worm
   B.   Soil, chlorophyll, sun, human
   C.   Bug, air, oxigen, food
   D.   Light, Carbon dioxide, humus
   E.   Candle, vitamins, hydrogen

 

Answer: D. Light, Carbon dioxide, humus

 

3. What the product of photosynthesis …
   A.   Sugar
   B.   Food and O2
   C.   Root
   D.   Food
   E.   Branch

 

Answer: B. Foot and O2

 

4. What kind of the text …
   A.   Narrative text
   B.   Hortatory text
   C.   Descussion text
   D.   Explanation text
   E.   Descriptive text


Answer: D. Explanation Text



Text Explanation 2

     Acid rain is rain that is highly acidic because of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other air pollutants dissolved in it. Normal rain is slightly acidic, with a pH of 6. Axid rain may have a pH value as low as 2,8.
   

 Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. Certain lakes, for example, have lost all fish and plant life because of acid rain. Acid rain comes from sulfur in coal and oil. When they burn, they make sulfur dioxide (SO2). Most sulfur leaves factory chimneys as the gaseous sulfur dioxide (SO2) and most nitrogen are also emitted as one of the nitrogen oxides (NO or NO2), both of which are gasses. The gasses may be dry deposited-abseorbed directly by the land, by lakes or by the surfac vegetation. If they are in the atmosphere for anytime, the gasses will oxidize (gain an oxygen atom) and go into solution as acids. Sulphuric acid (H2S04) and the nitrogen oxides will become nitric acid (HNO3). The acids usually dissolve in cloud droplets and muay travel great distances before being precipitated as acid rain.

    Catalysts such as hydrogen preoxide, ozzone, and ammonium help promote the formation of acids in clouds. More ammonium (NH4) can be formed when some of the acids are partially neutralized by airbone ammonia (NH3). Acidification increases with the number of active hydrogen (H+) ions disolved in acid. Hydrocarbons emited by, for example, car exhausts will react in sunlight with nitrogen oxides to produce ozone. Although it is invaluable in the atmosphere, low-level ozone causes respiratory problems and also hastens the formation of acid rain. When acid rain falls on the ground it dissolves and liberates heavy metals and aluminum (Al). When it is washed into lakes, aluminum irritas the outer surfaces of many fish. As acid rain falls or drains into the lake the pH of the lake falls. Forest suffer the effect of acid rain through the increased amounts of toxic metals liberated by acid, which damage roots and soil microooganisms.

 

5. What step after the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air …
   A.   Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.
   B.   Water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.
   C.   Food-making process that occurs in green plants.
   D.   Phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein, vitamins, and other complex compounds          essential for life.
   E.   Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process.





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